Assignment -SEC

 Maharani shree nadankuvarba mahila                   Arts & commerce college 

Name :- Jadeja shrutiba kanaksinh 

Year :- T.Y. B.A (sem -5) English 

Subject :- SEC 

 Credit :- 2

Professor's Name :- Insiya ma'am 

Topic:- critical thinking & creative thinking 

                Home assignment 

Critical thinking :-

            Critical thinking is the process of carefully and logically analyzing information, ideas, or situations before forming a judgment or decision. Instead of accepting things at face value, a critical thinker asks questions, looks for evidence, evaluates arguments, and considers different perspectives.

In simple words, critical thinking means thinking clearly, fairly, and rationally to reach the best possible understanding or solution.

* Steps of critical thinking 

Step -1 knowledge/ remembering :-

             In terms of critical thinking, the basic level of acquisition of knowledge requires that you be able to identify what is being said.

📌 Example:

A tourist remembers the name of the city they are visiting — “This is Jaipur, the Pink City of India.”

👉 Just recalling a fact.

Step 2: Comprehension / Understanding

           Comprehension means understanding material read ,heard and seen In comprehending you make the new knowledge  that you leave acquire your Own by relating it you what you already now.

      This means grasping the meaning of the information and explaining it in your own words.

📌 Example: A doctor explains to a patient: “Your blood pressure is high, which means your heart is working harder than normal.”

Step 3: Applying

             This step requires using what you know in a practical situation.

📌 Example: A chef learns a new recipe and prepares the dish for customers.

Step 4: Analysing

                  Breaking information into parts and understanding relationships between them.

📌 Example: A detective examines fingerprints, CCTV footage, and clues to connect them and identify the suspect.

Step 5: Evaluation

               Judging the value, credibility, or usefulness of information before making a decision.

📌 Example: An investor compares two business proposals and decides which one is worth funding.

Step 6: Creating

            Combining different ideas to form something new and original.

📌 Example: An architect designs an eco-friendly building using both modern technology and traditional methods.  

 

Conclusion

Critical thinking is the ability to question, analyze, and evaluate information before accepting it. It helps us make logical and fair decisions in everyday life. By encouraging open-mindedness, it allows us to respect different views while judging them wisely. It also develops creativity and problem-solving skills, which are useful in education and careers. Critical thinking protects us from false beliefs and biased opinions. Overall, it is not just an academic tool but a life skill that guides us toward truth, clarity, and responsible actions.      

                  Class assignment 

Creative thinking 

• Creative thinking involves imagination, innovation, and originality.

• It allows individuals to approach problems in new ways instead of depending only on routine solutions.

• It is not limited to artists or writers; scientists, teachers, engineers, entrepreneurs, and even students use creative thinking in daily life.

•Creative thinking often requires open-mindedness, curiosity, and flexibility to accept and explore different ideas.

Definition of Creative Thinking

• Creative thinking is the process of generating new, original, and useful ideas by looking at things from fresh perspectives. It is the ability to think beyond traditional methods, combine different concepts, and create innovative solutions to problems.

Example

A student making a mind map to understand a difficult lesson.

An engineer inventing a low-cost water filter for villages.

A business using recycled materials to design attractive packaging.

Characteristics of creative thinking 

1. Imagination

Creative people can think beyond reality and picture things that don’t exist yet.

👉🏻Example: An architect designs a futuristic building that looks impossible but later becomes a landmark.

2. Curiosity

They constantly want to learn, explore, and discover new things.

👉🏻Example: A scientist asking “why” and “what if” questions that lead to new inventions.

3. Open-mindedness

They accept unusual, unique, and different perspectives without bias.

👉🏻Example: A novelist mixing real history with fantasy to create a new genre.

4. Flexibility

They can change ideas and approaches if one method doesn’t work.

👉🏻Example: An artist switching from painting to sculpture or digital art to express their creativity.

5. Problem-solving Ability

They find original and practical solutions to challenges.

👉🏻Example: An engineer inventing a low-cost water purifier for rural areas.

6. Persistence

Creative individuals do not give up easily; they keep trying until success.

👉🏻Example: Thomas Edison failed thousands of times before inventing the electric bulb.

7. Independence

They like to think in their own way instead of blindly following others.

👉🏻Example: An entrepreneur launching a unique startup instead of choosing a safe corporate job.

8. Risk-taking

They are ready to take bold steps even if the outcome is uncertain.

👉🏻Example: A filmmaker trying a new storytelling style even if it may fail at the box office.

9. Sensitivity

They are more aware of emotions, surroundings, and details.

👉🏻Example: A poet capturing the smallest changes in nature and expressing them in words.

10. Playfulness

They use humor, fun, and experimentation to fuel new ideas.

👉🏻Example: Children creating imaginary games that later inspire innovative toys.

11. Originality

They produce fresh, unique, and groundbreaking ideas.

👉🏻Example: A fashion designer creating a completely new clothing style that becomes a trend.

12. Vision

They can see the bigger picture and imagine long-term possibilities.

👉🏻Example: Elon Musk dreaming of human life on Mars through SpaceX.

• Conclusion

Creative thinking is the ability to look at problems, ideas, and situations from fresh and unique perspectives. It encourages innovation, problem-solving, and self-expression by going beyond traditional patterns of thought. Individuals with creative thinking skills are open-minded, curious, and flexible in their approach, which helps them generate new ideas and adapt to change. In today’s fast-changing world, creative thinking is not just a talent but a necessity, as it drives progress in education, business, technology, and everyday life. Developing this skill allows people to reach their full potential and contribute positively to society by turning imagination into meaningful reality.

                Essay 

• Qualities of critical thinker 

1. Open-mindedness 🌍

  Open-minded thinkers welcome new ideas, even when those ideas challenge their own beliefs. They don’t let stereotypes or personal bias block understanding.

Example: In science, Galileo challenged the belief that the Earth was the center of the universe. At first, many rejected him, but his open-mindedness led to discoveries that changed astronomy. Similarly, in class discussions, a student who respects both supporters and critics of online education shows open-mindedness.

2. Curiosity 🔍

 Curiosity drives critical thinkers to go beyond surface-level answers. They are not satisfied with “just because”—they want to know the deeper reasons.

Example: Marie Curie’s curiosity about radioactive elements led to groundbreaking research in physics and chemistry. On a smaller scale, a curious child asking “Why is the sky blue?” is showing the same spirit.

3. Analytical Thinking 🧩

  Analytical thinkers carefully break down complicated information into smaller, understandable parts. This helps them see patterns and connections.

Example: An engineer designing a bridge must analyze the strength of materials, cost, and safety issues before construction. A student analyzing a poem looks at its imagery, structure, and themes instead of just memorizing lines.

4. Skepticism ❓

  Healthy skepticism prevents people from blindly believing everything they hear. A critical thinker asks for evidence and checks credibility.

Example: During elections, a skeptical voter doesn’t trust fake news on social media. Instead, they compare reports from multiple trusted news sources before deciding.

5. Creativity 🎨

  Critical thinking is not only about logic—it also requires imagination. Creative thinkers can connect unrelated ideas and invent new solutions.

Example: Thomas Edison used creativity in inventing the electric bulb by experimenting with thousands of materials for the filament. In modern times, students show creativity when they use storytelling or visuals to present a project instead of only writing text.

6. Fairness ⚖️

 Fair thinkers set aside personal preferences and emotions. They consider all sides before reaching a judgment.

Example: In a debate competition, the judge awards points based on arguments and evidence—not on which team is their favorite. Similarly, teachers show fairness when they grade assignments based on quality, not personal liking of the student.

7. Self-awareness 🪞

  Self-aware thinkers understand their own mental habits, biases, and emotions. This helps them avoid errors in reasoning.

Example: A manager may realize they are emotionally attached to one employee’s idea but choose another idea because it has more practical value. A student preparing for exams may realize they procrastinate, so they plan a timetable to overcome it.

8. Logical Reasoning 🧠

 Logical thinkers use step-by-step reasoning to reach valid conclusions. They rely on facts and evidence instead of guesses or emotions.

Example: In law, a lawyer builds a case by presenting evidence and logical arguments instead of relying on emotional appeals. In daily life, when buying a mobile phone, a person compares price, features, and reviews logically before deciding.

9. Decision-making Ability ✅

Critical thinkers can make informed decisions even in difficult or uncertain situations. They weigh pros and cons, think about long-term effects, and avoid impulsive choices.

Example: A doctor deciding on a patient’s treatment evaluates test results, risks, and side effects before suggesting medicine. A student deciding between two career options—engineering or arts—analyzes their interests, job opportunities, and skills before choosing.

10. Effective Communication 💬

 A good thinker is also a good communicator. They know how to explain their ideas clearly, listen carefully, and adapt their message for different audiences.

Example: Nelson Mandela was not only a leader but also an excellent communicator. He persuaded people across the world through speeches about equality and justice. Similarly, in group projects, students who explain ideas clearly and listen to teammates show strong communication.

Conclusion ✨

Critical thinkers are curious 🔍, fair ⚖️, logical 🧠, creative 🎨, and self-aware 🪞. These qualities help them solve problems wisely, make fair judgments, and contribute positively to society. From scientists and leaders to students and professionals, critical thinking ensures progress and responsible decision-making in every field of life.